Canadian CPI Inflation Rose in May, Reducing the Chances of a July Rate Cut.

Canadian Inflation Rose in May, Surprising Markets

Inflation unexpectedly rose in May, disappointing the Bank of Canada as it deliberates the possibility of another rate cut next month.

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 2.9% in May from a year ago, up from a 2.7% reading in April. This increase primarily reflects higher prices for services and, to a lesser extent, food. According to a Bloomberg survey, economists had expected 2.6% inflation last month.

Cellular services, travel tours, rent, and air transportation boosted service prices by 4.6% year-over-year (y/y) in May, up sharply from the 4.2% rise in April. Price growth for goods remained at 1%, although grocery prices rose more rapidly.

Monthly, the CPI index climbed 0.6% compared to expectations for a 0.3% gain and up from 0.5% in April. On a seasonally adjusted basis,  inflation rose 0.3%.

The Bank of Canada’s preferred measures of core inflation, the trim and median core rates, exclude the more volatile price movements to assess the level of underlying inflation. The CPI trim accelerated to 2.9% in May, following a downwardly revised 2.8% rise the previous month. The CPI median rose two ticks to 2.8%. Both measures of core inflation surprised economists on the high side.

Shelter costs have been a massive component of inflation this cycle. In May, rent rose a whopping 0.9%, lifting the yearly rise to 8.9% y/y, the second largest contributor to annual inflation. The single most significant inflation driver–mortgage interest costs–ticked down a bit to 0.8% m/m, reducing the yearly pace to 23.3%. It peaked above 30% last year. Excluding shelter, inflation is rising 1.5% y/y, up from 1.2% last month.

Bottom Line

Today’s inflation reading was undoubtedly a disappointment for the Bank of Canada, and it reduces the chances of another rate cut when they meet again on July 24. However, the June inflation data will be released on July 16. Barring a significant drop in June inflation, the next interest rate cut will likely be at the September meeting. That’s not good for the housing market, which has slowed to a crawl in recent months. The decline in mortgage rates proceeds as market forces drive down bond yields. Canada’s labour market is slowing as the jobless rate ticks up. Tiff Macklem said yesterday that he did not expect the unemployment rate to rise significantly further this cycle.

Interest rate cuts will be more gradual because rapid population growth has boosted economic activity, forestalling a recession and adding to inflationary pressure. The central bank’s overnight policy rate, now at 4.75%, will gradually move to 3.0% by the end of next year.

Going From a Variable Rate to a Fixed Rate Mortgage.

With the anticipation of rates going down, some homeowners may be considering switching from a variable-rate mortgage to a fixed-rate mortgage to lock in their next term.

Switching from a variable-rate mortgage to a fixed-rate mortgage can offer stability in your monthly payments, protecting you from potential interest rate hikes, along with some other benefits:

• Stability in Payments: As mentioned, with a fixed-rate mortgage, your monthly payments remain consistent throughout the life of the loan, providing predictability and making budgeting easier. This stability protects you from potential fluctuations in interest rates that could otherwise increase your payments with a variable-rate mortgage.
• Protection Against Interest Rate Increases: One of the main reasons to switch to a fixed-rate mortgage is to ensure you are protected from rising interest rates in the market. If interest rates rise, your mortgage rate and monthly payments remain unaffected, providing financial security and peace of mind.
• Long-Term Planning: Fixed-rate mortgages are ideal for long-term planning and financial stability. You can accurately forecast your housing expenses over the entire loan term, making it easier to manage your overall budget and financial goals.
• Risk Management: By locking in a fixed interest rate, you mitigate the risk of future interest rate hikes, which could significantly increase your borrowing costs with a variable-rate mortgage. This risk management strategy can provide financial protection and reduce uncertainty.
• Potential Savings: In certain economic environments, fixed-rate mortgages may offer lower interest rates compared to variable-rate mortgages. By refinancing to a fixed-rate loan when rates are favorable, you could potentially secure a lower overall interest rate and save money over the life of the loan.
• Easier Financial Planning: Fixed-rate mortgages simplify financial planning by eliminating the need to anticipate and adapt to changes in interest rates. You can confidently plan for other financial goals and expenditures without the uncertainty of fluctuating mortgage payments.

Overall, transitioning from a variable rate to a fixed rate mortgage offers stability, protection, and peace of mind, making it a favorable option for many homeowners, particularly those seeking long-term financial security.